Query: NC_007406:632436 Nitrobacter winogradskyi Nb-255, complete genome Lineage: Nitrobacter winogradskyi; Nitrobacter; Bradyrhizobiaceae; Rhizobiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Nitrite-oxidizing bacterium. Members of this genus are found in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats, often in association with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. These organisms oxidize nitrate, generated by the oxidation of ammonia, to nitrate and play an important role in the global nitrogen cycle. The enzyme involved in nitrite oxidation, nitrite oxidoreductase, can also reduce nitrate to nitrite in the absence of oxygen, allowing Nitrobacter sp. to grow anaerobically. Nitrobacter winogradskyi is commonly isolated from soil, fresh and sea water, sewage, and compost. This organism can grow anaerobically using nitrate as the electron acceptor, forming nitrite, nitric oxide, and nitrous oxide.
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General Information: Nitrogen fixation. Thermophilic strictly anaerobic bacterium oxidizing acetate to CO2 in syntrophic association with a methanogenic partner. Capable of growing with various substrates such as alcohols and methylated nitrogen compounds, and to reduce sulfate in the presence of acetate. Isolated from sludge of an anaerobic digester run at 58 degrees C. Thermacetogenium phaeum is a strictly anaerobic, homoacetogenic bacterium. It is exceptional because it can use the homoacetogenic Wood-Ljungdahl (CO- dehydrogenase) pathway both for acetate formation and acetate oxidation. Acetate oxidation is possible only in syntrophic cooperation with a methanogenic partner which maintains a low hydrogen and/or formate concentration in the coculture. With this, the bacterium operates close to the thermodynamic equilibrium of substrate conversion, similar to other syntrophically fermenting bacteria such as Syntrophomonas wolfei the genomes of which have been sequenced as well in the recent past.