Query: NC_007347:1215358 Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 chromosome 1, complete sequence Lineage: Cupriavidus pinatubonensis; Cupriavidus; Burkholderiaceae; Burkholderiales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This organism is found in both soil and water and has great potential for use in bioremediation as it is capable of degrading a large list of pollutants including chlorinated aromatic compounds. The bacterium can utilize hydrogen, carbon dioxide, as well as organic compounds for growth and is a model organism for hydrogen oxidation as it can grow on hydrogen as the sole energy source. It was originally isolated due to its ability to degrade the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, which is due to the degradative functions being encoded on a plasmid (pJP4). Metabolically versatile bacterium. Cupriavidus necator also known as Ralstonia eutropha is a soil bacterium with diverse metabolic abilities. Strains of this organism are resistant to high levels of copper or are able to degrade chloroaromatic compounds such as halobenzoates and nitrophenols making them useful for bioremediation.
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General Information: This organism was first isolated from the soil in Vineland, New Jersey, although it is found worldwide. It is a large obligate aerobe that has one of the highest respiratory rates of any organism. Azotobacter vinelandii also produces a number of unusual nitrogenases which allow it to fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, a compound it can then use as a nitrogen source. It protects the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase enzymes through its high respiratory rate, which sequesters the nitrogenase complexes in an anoxic environment. This organism has a number of unusual characteristics. Under extreme environmental conditions, the cell will produce a cyst that is resistant to dessication and is surrounded by two capsular polysaccharide layers. This organism produces two industrially important polysaccharides, poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and alginate. PHB is a thermoplastic biopolymer, and alginate is used in the food industry. Alginate is also used by the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to infect the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.