Query: NC_004757:2730057 Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718, complete genome Lineage: Nitrosomonas europaea; Nitrosomonas; Nitrosomonadaceae; Nitrosomonadales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: Ammonia-oxidizing bacterium. This organism is an obligate chemo-lithoautotroph as it only uses ammonia and carbon dioxide and mineral salts for growth, and is an important part of the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. It can derive all energy requirements from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate, driving global nitrogen from the reduced insoluble form to the oxidized and potentially gaseous form (including NO and NO2 which are greenhouse gases). The energy derived from ammonia oxidation is in turn used to drive carbon fixation. This bacterium also provides plants with a readily available form of nitrogen, is important in wastewater treatment, and may be involved in bioremediation of sites contaminated with toxic compounds.
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General Information: Industrially useful bacterium. Gluconobacter oxydans is a member of the Acetobacteraceae family within the alpha proteobacteria and can be isolated from flowers, fruits, and fermented beverages. This organism uses membrane-associated dehydrogenases to incompletely oxidize a wide variety of carbohydrates and alcohols. Oxidation occurs in the periplasm with the products being released into the medium via outer membrane porins and the electrons entering the electron transport chain. Able to oxidize large amounts of substrates, making it useful for industrial purposes. Among other applications, it has been used to produce 2-ketogluconic for iso-ascorbic acid production, 5-ketogluconic acid from glucose for tartaric acid production, and L-sorbose from sorbitol for vitamin C synthesis.