Query: NC_000913:4159090 Escherichia coli K12, complete genome Lineage: Escherichia coli; Escherichia; Enterobacteriaceae; Enterobacteriales; Proteobacteria; Bacteria General Information: This organism was named for its discoverer, Theodore Escherich, and is one of the premier model organisms used in the study of bacterial genetics, physiology, and biochemistry. This enteric organism is typically present in the lower intestine of humans, where it is the dominant facultative anaerobe present, but it is only one minor constituent of the complete intestinal microflora. E. coli, is capable of causing various diseases in its host, especially when they acquire virulence traits. E. coli can cause urinary tract infections, neonatal meningitis, and many different intestinal diseases, usually by attaching to the host cell and introducing toxins that disrupt normal cellular processes.
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General Information: Isolated from Gilroy Hot Spring. The green sulfur bacteria (GSB; Phylum Chlorobi ) are commonly found in illuminated, stratified, and anoxic aquatic environments, sediments, and other sulfide-rich environments including hot springs. This bacterium has been used to model a variety of enzyme and reaction center pathways, including ATP-citrate lyase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and the reverse Krebs cycle used in photosynthesis. Now called the "reductive carbolic acid cycle", this was found to be the sole carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in other green sulfur bacteria since its discovery.