Pre_GI Gene

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Host: NC_017297 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_017297:3939328 Clostridium botulinum F str. 230613 chromosome, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium botulinum; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: This organism produces one of the most potent and deadly neurotoxins known, a botulinum toxin that prevents the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, thereby inhibiting muscle contraction and causing paralysis. In most cases the diseased person dies of asphyxiation as a result of paralysis of chest muscles involved in breathing. The spores are heat-resistant and can survive in inadequately heated, prepared, or processed foods. Spores germinate under favorable conditions (anaerobiosis and substrate-rich environment) and bacteria start propagating very rapidly, producing the toxin.Botulinum toxin, and C. botulinum cells, has been found in a wide variety of foods, including canned ones. Almost any food that has a high pH (above 4.6) can support growth of the bacterium. Honey is the most common vehicle for infection in infants. Food poisoning through C. botulinum is the most frequent type of infection caused by this bacterium. The wound botulism that occurs when C. botulinum infects an individual via an open wound is much rarer and is very similar to tetanus disease. There are several types of botulinum toxin known (type A through type F), all of them being neurotoxic polypeptides. The most common and widely distributed are strains and serovars of C. botulinum that produce type A toxin.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39393283939816489hypothetical proteinBLASTP
39399233940354432hypothetical proteinBLASTP
39405353941440906LysR family transcriptional regulatorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
394152839427241197subtilase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39427603943641882LysR family transcriptional regulatorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39436703944617948D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39448173945656840acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit alphaQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39457033946572870acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit betaQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39465923947080489BLASTP
39471163947937822BLASTP
39479693948403435beta-hydroxyacyl-acyl-carrier-protein dehydratase FabZQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39484233948899477acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxyl carrier proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3948903395014112393-oxoacyl-acyl-carrier-protein synthase IIQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
395016139509077473-oxoacyl-ACP reductaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39509253951869945malonyl CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39518903952816927oxidoreductase 2-nitropropane dioxygenase familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39529423953166225acyl carrier protein-like proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
395320739541879813-oxoacyl-acyl-carrier-protein synthase IIIQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39541803954656477MarR family transcriptional regulatorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
395467239557301059oxidoreductase 2-nitropropane dioxygenase familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39558273956762936putative peptidaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39569433957929987putative DNA replication protein DnaDQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39579223958899978putative DNA replication protein DnaCQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39589523959092141hypothetical proteinBLASTP
3959157395923377tRNA-ValQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3959250395932576tRNA-GluQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39594973960306810hypothetical proteinBLASTP
39603193960693375CoA-binding proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
396087439621031230pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39622053962954750acyl-ACP thioesterase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39630573963242186hypothetical proteinBLASTP
396336839646541287adenylosuccinate synthaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
396488639662711386pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39664413966656216hypothetical proteinBLASTP
396684239685631722phosphoglucomutasephosphomannomutase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
396880539701421338replicative DNA helicaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
397017339720921920ATP-dependent proteaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3972103397254644450S ribosomal protein L9QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
397292839745321605BLASTP
397453339755371005hypothetical proteinBLASTP
39755493975866318hypothetical proteinBLASTP
3976014397625624330S ribosomal protein S18QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
39762753976721447single-strand binding proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
3976737397702128530S ribosomal protein S6QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
397712739782751149putative R-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA dehydratase subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP