Pre_GI Gene

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Host: NC_008600 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_008600:4868000 Bacillus thuringiensis str. Al Hakam, complete genome

Host Lineage: Bacillus thuringiensis; Bacillus; Bacillaceae; Bacillales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: Produces insect toxin. This organism, also known as BT, is famous for the production of an insecticidal toxin. The bacterium was initially discovered as a pathogen of various insects and was first used as an insecticidal agent in the early part of this century. This organism, like many other Bacilli, is found in the soil, where it leads a saprophytic existence, but becomes an opportunistic pathogen of insects when ingested. The specific activity of the toxin towards insects and its lack of toxicity to animals has made this organism a useful biocontrol agent. The delta-endotoxin, which is produced during the sporulation part of the life cycle, causes midgut paralysis and disruption of feeding by the infected insect host. The delta-endotoxin, which is produced during the sporulation part of the life cycle, causes midgut paralysis and disruption of feeding by the infected insect host. The delta-endotoxin, which is produced during the sporulation part of the life cycle, causes midgut paralysis and disruption of feeding by the infected insect host. The presence of a parasporal crystal, which is outside the exosporium of the endospore, is indicative of production of the toxin, and serves as a marker for this species.Activation of the toxin typically requires a high pH environment such as the alkaline environments in insect midguts followed by proteolysis. Various toxin genes specific for a variety of insects have been studied, and many are now being used in genetically modified plants which have been engineered to produce the toxin themselves, eliminating the need to produce sufficient amounts of B. thuringiensis spores.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48680154868758744carboxylesteraseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48692454869937693murein hydrolase export regulatorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48699344870311378murein hydrolase exporter LrgA familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48705784871528951inosine-uridine preferring nucleoside hydrolaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
487157948728741296enolaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48729054874434153023-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48744314875195765triosephosphate isomeraseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
487521948764031185phosphoglycerate kinaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
487654348775471005glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
487757448786171044central glycolytic genes regulatorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48787394878993255glutaredoxin family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
487899448803701377RNA polymerase sigma-54 factorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
4880556488063479tRNA-ArgQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48808134881046234hypothetical proteinBLASTP
48810834881625543hypothetical proteinBLASTP
48816564882132477stage V sporulation protein ACQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
488213348831491017stage V sporulation protein ADQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48831464883496351stage V sporulation protein AEQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48835084883714207hypothetical proteinBLASTP
48837294884604876hypothetical proteinBLASTP
48848464885427582ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48857524886000249phosphocarrier protein HPrQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
48860244886983960hypothetical proteinBLASTP