Pre_GI Gene

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Host: NC_008262 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_008262:2598920 Clostridium perfringens SM101, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: This is a enterotoxin-producing food poisoning strain. Causative agent of gas gangrene. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and other useful compounds. This organism is a causative agent of a wide spectrum of necrotic enterotoxicoses. It also causes such animal diseases as lamb dysentery, ovine enterotoxemia (struck), pulpy kidney disease in lambs and other enterotoxemias in lambs and calves. It is commonly found in the environment (soil, sewage) and in the animal and human gastrointestinal tract as a member of the normal microflora. It is a fast growing (generation time 8-10 min) anaerobic flesh-eater. Active fermentative growth is accompanied by profuse generation of molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide. It is also oxygen tolerant which makes it an easy object to work with in laboratories. C. perfringens have been developed and the species became a model organism in clostridial genetic studies. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. All types produce the alpha toxin (phospholipase C). Type A strains that cause gas gangrene produce alpha toxin, theta (hemolysin), kappa (collagenase), mu (hyaluronidase), nu (DNAse) and neuraminidase which are all the enzymatic factors aiding the bacterium in invading and destruction of the host tissues. Type C strains produce alpha toxin, beta toxin and prefringolysin enteritis. In addition to alpha toxin, Type B strains produce beta toxin, types B and D produce the pore forming epsilon toxin and type E strains produce iota toxin.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
25989202599726807ABC transporter permease proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
25997412600598858
26005842601429846ABC transporterQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26018522602193342ribosomal protein L17QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26022102603157948DNA-directed RNA polymerase alpha subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26032422603862621ribosomal protein S4QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26038862604281396ribosomal protein S11QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26042982604663366ribosomal protein S13pS18eQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26049002605013114ribosomal protein L36QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26050262605244219translation initiation factor IF-1QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26052522605560309hypothetical proteinBLASTP
26056192606368750methionine aminopeptidase type IQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26063682607018651adenylate kinaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
260704526083221278preprotein translocase SecY subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26083252608765441ribosomal protein L15QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26087992608972174ribosomal protein L30QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26089842609481498ribosomal protein S5QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26095022609861360ribosomal protein L18QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26098922610431540ribosomal protein L6QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26105282610926399ribosomal protein S8QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26109602611184225ribosomal protein S14pS29eQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26111622611701540ribosomal protein L5QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26117242612038315ribosomal protein L24QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26120622612430369ribosomal protein L14QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26124612612715255ribosomal protein S17QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26127372612946210ribosomal protein L29QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26129462613380435ribosomal protein L16QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26134112614079669ribosomal protein S3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26141002614435336ribosomal protein L22QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26144632614744282ribosomal protein S19QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26148152615648834ribosomal protein L2QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26157032615996294ribosomal protein L23QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26159962616610615ribosomal protein L4QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26166352617264630ribosomal protein L3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26173472617655309ribosomal protein S10QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
261811826191701053BLASTP
261951426207071194translation elongation factor TuQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
262078026228462067translation elongation factor GQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26229272623397471ribosomal protein S7QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26235572623937381ribosomal protein S12QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26239952624234240ribosomal protein L7AE familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
262434726278833537DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
262796326316673705DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26319722632337366ribosomal protein L7L12QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2632392263289250150S ribosomal protein L10QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26331092633798690ribosomal protein L1QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26338562634281426ribosomal protein L11QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26343562634877522transcription terminationantitermination factor NusGQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26349152635139225preprotein translocase SecE subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26351932635351159ribosomal protein L33QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
263552526367181194translation elongation factor TuQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
2636785263686076tRNA-ThrQuickGO ontology
26369432637590648RNA polymerase sigma-H factorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26376722638181510hypothetical proteinBLASTP
26381972639066870RNA methyltransferase TrmH family group 3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26390892639826738thymidylate synthase flavin-dependentQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26398422640252411uncharacterized conserved protein YACZQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26403792640501123hypothetical protein
264047926418791401cysteinyl-tRNA synthetaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
264198426436961713prolyl-tRNA synthetaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
264405026447276782-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
264474126458471107PINTRAM domain proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
26461592646560402hypothetical proteinBLASTP
264659426476581065Domain of unknown function DUF147 familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
264767826490391362DNA repair protein RadAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP