Pre_GI Gene

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Host: NC_008261 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_008261:64678 Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: The species type strain, originally isolated from a human gas gangrene patient. Causative agent of gas gangrene. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and other useful compounds. This organism is a causative agent of a wide spectrum of necrotic enterotoxicoses. It also causes such animal diseases as lamb dysentery, ovine enterotoxemia (struck), pulpy kidney disease in lambs and other enterotoxemias in lambs and calves. It is commonly found in the environment (soil, sewage) and in the animal and human gastrointestinal tract as a member of the normal microflora. It is a fast growing (generation time 8-10 min) anaerobic flesh-eater. Active fermentative growth is accompanied by profuse generation of molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide. It is also oxygen tolerant which makes it an easy object to work with in laboratories. C. perfringens have been developed and the species became a model organism in clostridial genetic studies. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. All types produce the alpha toxin (phospholipase C). Type A strains that cause gas gangrene produce alpha toxin, theta (hemolysin), kappa (collagenase), mu (hyaluronidase), nu (DNAse) and neuraminidase which are all the enzymatic factors aiding the bacterium in invading and destruction of the host tissues. Type C strains produce alpha toxin, beta toxin and prefringolysin enteritis. In addition to alpha toxin, Type B strains produce beta toxin, types B and D produce the pore forming epsilon toxin and type E strains produce iota toxin.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
6467865583906putative D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
65733669891257hypothetical proteinBLASTP
6704567740696MTASAH nucleosidaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
6811868879762HesAMoeBThiF family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
69170703361167major facilitator family transporterQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
7071571299585acetyltransferase GNAT familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
7139172002612deoxyguanosine kinasedeoxyadenosine kinaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
7254874065151816S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
7425177155290523S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
77207773241185S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
773307740576tRNA-LysQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
7772678574849transcription antiterminatorQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
7860779086480putative PTS system N-acetylglucosamine-specific IIA componentQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
79744811891446PTS system N-acetylglucosamine-specific IIBC componentQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
8125881776519transcriptional regulator TetR familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
8237983896151816S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
8408286986290523S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
87038871551185S ribosomal RNAQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
871658723975tRNA-AsnQuickGO ontology
87896899862091translation elongation factor GQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
9040990645237hypothetical proteinBLASTP
9089791844948putative glucokinaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
9238692928543rubredoxinrubrerythrinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
9326193884624phosphoglycerate mutase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
9424395013771putative transcriptional regulator IolRQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
95495966491155alcohol dehydrogenase iron-containingQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
9665697501846putative fructose-bisphosphate aldolase class IIQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
97515985311017myo-inositol catabolism protein IolCQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
9854599312768putative myo-inositol catabolism protein IolBQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
993291012481920myo-inositol catabolism protein IolDQuickGO ontologyBLASTP