Pre_GI Gene

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Host: NC_008261 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_008261:2957354 Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: The species type strain, originally isolated from a human gas gangrene patient. Causative agent of gas gangrene. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and other useful compounds. This organism is a causative agent of a wide spectrum of necrotic enterotoxicoses. It also causes such animal diseases as lamb dysentery, ovine enterotoxemia (struck), pulpy kidney disease in lambs and other enterotoxemias in lambs and calves. It is commonly found in the environment (soil, sewage) and in the animal and human gastrointestinal tract as a member of the normal microflora. It is a fast growing (generation time 8-10 min) anaerobic flesh-eater. Active fermentative growth is accompanied by profuse generation of molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide. It is also oxygen tolerant which makes it an easy object to work with in laboratories. C. perfringens have been developed and the species became a model organism in clostridial genetic studies. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. All types produce the alpha toxin (phospholipase C). Type A strains that cause gas gangrene produce alpha toxin, theta (hemolysin), kappa (collagenase), mu (hyaluronidase), nu (DNAse) and neuraminidase which are all the enzymatic factors aiding the bacterium in invading and destruction of the host tissues. Type C strains produce alpha toxin, beta toxin and prefringolysin enteritis. In addition to alpha toxin, Type B strains produce beta toxin, types B and D produce the pore forming epsilon toxin and type E strains produce iota toxin.


This island contains ribosomal proteins or RNA related elements and may indicate a False Positive Prediction!

StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29573542958211858cobalt ABC transporter ATP-binding proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29581962959041846cobalt ABC transporter ATP-binding proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29594642959805342ribosomal protein L17QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29598222960769948DNA-directed RNA polymerase alpha subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29608542961474621ribosomal protein S4QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29614982961893396ribosomal protein S11QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29619102962275366ribosomal protein S13QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29625122962625114ribosomal protein L36QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29626382962856219translation initiation factor IF-1QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29628642963172309hypothetical proteinBLASTP
29632312963980750methionine aminopeptidase type IQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29639802964630651adenylate kinaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
296465729659341278preprotein translocase SecY subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29659372966377441ribosomal protein L15QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29664112966584174ribosomal protein L30QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29665962967093498ribosomal protein S5QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29671142967473360ribosomal protein L18QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29675042968043540ribosomal protein L6QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29681402968538399ribosomal protein S8QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29685722968757186ribosomal protein S14QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29687742969313540ribosomal protein L5QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29693362969650315ribosomal protein L24QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29696742970042369ribosomal protein L14QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29700732970327255ribosomal protein S17QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29703492970558210ribosomal protein L29QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29705582970992435ribosomal protein L16QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29710232971691669ribosomal protein S3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29717122972047336ribosomal protein L22QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29720752972356282ribosomal protein S19QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29724272973260834ribosomal protein L2QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29733152973608294ribosomal protein L23QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29736082974222615ribosomal protein L4QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29742472974876630ribosomal protein L3QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29749592975267309ribosomal protein S10QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
297596329771561194translation elongation factor TuQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
297722929792952067translation elongation factor GQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29793762979846471ribosomal protein S7QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29800062980386381ribosomal protein S12QuickGO ontologyBLASTP
29804442980683240ribosomal protein L7AE familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
298079629843323537DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP