Pre_GI Gene

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Host: NC_008261 NEIGHBOURS BLASTN Download Island sequence Download Island gene sequence(s)

NC_008261:1332864 Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124, complete genome

Host Lineage: Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium; Clostridiaceae; Clostridiales; Firmicutes; Bacteria

General Information: The species type strain, originally isolated from a human gas gangrene patient. Causative agent of gas gangrene. This genus comprises about 150 metabolically diverse species of anaerobes that are ubiquitous in virtually all anoxic habitats where organic compounds are present, including soils, aquatic sediments and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. This shape is attributed to the presence of endospores that develop under conditions unfavorable for vegetative growth and distend single cells terminally or sub-terminally. Spores germinate under conditions favorable for vegetative growth, such as anaerobiosis and presence of organic substrates. It is believed that present day Mollicutes (Eubacteria) have evolved regressively (i.e., by genome reduction) from gram-positive clostridia-like ancestors with a low GC content in DNA. Known opportunistic toxin-producing pathogens in animals and humans. Some species are capable of producing organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, etc,), molecular hydrogen and other useful compounds. This organism is a causative agent of a wide spectrum of necrotic enterotoxicoses. It also causes such animal diseases as lamb dysentery, ovine enterotoxemia (struck), pulpy kidney disease in lambs and other enterotoxemias in lambs and calves. It is commonly found in the environment (soil, sewage) and in the animal and human gastrointestinal tract as a member of the normal microflora. It is a fast growing (generation time 8-10 min) anaerobic flesh-eater. Active fermentative growth is accompanied by profuse generation of molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide. It is also oxygen tolerant which makes it an easy object to work with in laboratories. C. perfringens have been developed and the species became a model organism in clostridial genetic studies. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. Known isolates belong to five distinct types (A, B, C, D, and E) that are distinguished based on the specific extracellular toxins they produce. All types produce the alpha toxin (phospholipase C). Type A strains that cause gas gangrene produce alpha toxin, theta (hemolysin), kappa (collagenase), mu (hyaluronidase), nu (DNAse) and neuraminidase which are all the enzymatic factors aiding the bacterium in invading and destruction of the host tissues. Type C strains produce alpha toxin, beta toxin and prefringolysin enteritis. In addition to alpha toxin, Type B strains produce beta toxin, types B and D produce the pore forming epsilon toxin and type E strains produce iota toxin.


StartEndLengthCDS descriptionQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13328641333490627hypothetical proteinBLASTP
13335171333930414hypothetical proteinBLASTP
13339991334829831metallo-beta-lactamase family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13350061335182177hypothetical proteinBLASTP
13354111336115705putative glycerol uptake facilitator proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
133630213375341233sensor histidine kinaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13375541338306753DNA-bindng response regulator AraC familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
133864413403081665coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase large subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13403221340888567coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase medium subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13409081341333426coenzyme B12-dependent glycerol dehydratase small subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
134135013432001851glycerol dehydratase reactivation factor large subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13431931343543351glycerol dehydratase reactivation factor small subunitQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13435621344074513putative ATPcobIalamin adenosyltransferaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13440981344526429DhaG proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13446201345777115813-propanediol dehydrogenaseQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
134636213478311470amino acid permease family proteinQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13481211348795675hypothetical proteinBLASTP
13491431349655513acetyltransferase GNAT familyQuickGO ontologyBLASTP
13497231350502780hypothetical proteinBLASTP
13506181351436819hypothetical proteinBLASTP